Inconel 601 Introduction

Overview

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INCONEL® nickel-chromium-iron alloy 601 (UNS N06601 / W.Nr. 2.4851) is a general-purpose engineering material for applications that require resistance to heat and corrosion. An outstanding characteristic of INCONEL alloy 601 is its resistance to hightemperature oxidation. The alloy also has good resistance to aqueous corrosion, has high mechanical strength, and is readily formed, machined and welded. The composition is a facecentered- cubic solid solution with a high degree of metallurgical stability. The alloy's nickel base, in conjunction with substantial chromium content, provides resistance to many corrosive media and hightemperature environments. Oxidation resistance is further enhanced by the aluminum content.

The properties of INCONEL alloy 601 make it a material of broad utility in such fields as thermal processing, chemical processing, pollution control, aerospace, and power generation.

Alloy 601 is a standard material of construction for various types of thermal-processing equipment. Industrial-heating applications include baskets, trays, and fixtures for annealing, carburizing, carbonitriding, nitriding and other heat-treating operations. In industrial furnaces, the alloy is used for radiant tubes, muffles, retorts, flame shields, strand-annealing tubes, woven-wire conveyor belts, chain curtains, burner nozzles, and electrical resistance heating elements. Other thermal-processing applications are thermocouple protection tubes, furnace-atmosphere generators, and infrared radiant screens.

Chemical-processing applications for alloy 601 include process heaters, condenser tubes in sour-water strippers, and insulating cans in ammonia reformers. The alloy is also used for combustor components and catalyst grid supports in equipment for nitric acid production.

In petrochemical processing, the alloy is used for catalyst regenerators and air preheaters in the manufacture of high-density polyethylene. In pollution-control applications, INCONEL alloy 601 is used for thermal reactors in exhaust systems of gasoline engines and for combustion chambers in solidwaste incinerators. In the power-generation field, alloy 601 is used for superheater tube supports, grid barriers, and ashhandling systems.

The alloy is also used for jet-engine igniters and for combustion-can liners, diffuser assembles, and containment rings in gas turbines for aircraft, industrial, and vehicular applications.

Mechanical Properties

INCONEL alloy 601 has good mechanical strength. As indicated by those values, the strength level exhibited by the alloy varies with the form and condition of the material.

The optimum condition for alloy 601 depends on the type of application and the service temperature involved. In general, the solution-treated condition is used for rupture-limited applications (temperatures of about 1000°F (540°C) and higher). The annealed condition is normally used for tensile-limited applications (temperatures below about 1000°F (540°C)).

Corrosion Resistance

The substantial nickel and chromium contents of INCONEL alloy 601 in conjunction with its content of aluminum give the alloy superior resistance to high temperature corrosion mechanisms. Of particular significance is its resistance to oxidation at temperatures up to 2200°F (1200°C). By virtue of its contents of chromium and aluminum, alloy 601 offers unique resistance to oxide spalling under cyclic thermal conditions.

Physical Properties

Density		g/cm3	8.11
		lb/in.3	0.293
Melting Range		°F	2480 - 2571
		°C	1360 - 1411
Specific Heat		Btu/lb-°F	0.107
		J/kg-°C	448
Permeability at 200 oersted	76°F (24°C)	15.9 kA/m	1.003
	-109°F (-78°C)	15.9 kA/m	1.004
	-320°F (-196°C)	15.9 kA/m	1.016
Curie Temperature		°F	-320
		°C	-196

Mechanical Properties

Form and Condition	Tensile Strength		Yield Strength (0.2% Offset)		Elongation, %	Hardness, Rb
	ksi	MPa	ksi	MPa
ROD and BAR
Hot-Finished	85-120	585-825	35-100	240-690	60-15	65-95
Annealed	80-115	550-790	30-60	205-415	70-40	60-80
PLATE
Annealed	80-100	550-690	30-45	205-310	65-45	60-75
SHEET
Cold-Rolled	115-190	790-1310	100-175	690-1205	20-2	-
Annealed	85-100	585-690	30-50	205-345	55-35	65-80
STRIP
Cold-Rolled	115-190	790-1310	100-175	690-1205	20-2	-
Annealed	85-100	585-690	30-50	205-345	55-35	65-80
TUBE and PIPE
Cold-Drawn & Annealed	80-110	550-760	30-60	205-415	65-35	70-95
WIRE
Cold-Drawn	120-205	825-1415	100-195	690-1345	20-3	-
Annealed	90-115	620-790	35-70	240-480	45-35	-
ALL FORMS
Solution-Treated	75-110	515-760	25-55	160-380	75-40	55-95

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